I can extract side effects - Chapter 653

c649 The clinical paradox of xenotransplantation

“Shocking! A major breakthrough in xenotransplantation!”

“Can you imagine a human heart beating inside such a macaque?”

“And this human heart actually grew out of a pig?”

“Looking at this scene, do you feel that human beings finally have an inexhaustible supply of organs for transplantation?”

“According to the latest industry report, the R&D team of Sanqing Group has achieved a historic breakthrough, successfully growing human organs from genetically modified pigs and transplanting them into macaques.”

“Audience friends, please follow in my footsteps and walk into the Kunming Animal Experiment Center together.”

“Here, the reporter will reveal to you the mystery of the world’s first human-pig chimera animal experiment…”

On an ordinary working day, when people turn on their TVs or mobile phones and see such a breaking news, they are shocked.

“Fuck, isn’t it, human organs grow from pigs?”

“Really? Is today April 1st?”

“Honey, come out and see God!”

“Is this news that I can watch without paying?”

“Besides eating meat, pigs have such a purpose, I really dare not even think about it.”

“I’ll go, this kind of thing happened in a novel, I can’t believe it, I didn’t expect it to be reality?”

“Reality is truly 10,000 times stranger than man’s wildest imagination.”

“Am I the only one wondering, what should some people who dislike dirty pork do?”

“Haha, don’t worry, if I get terminally ill and the organs in the pig can save lives, I will definitely not dislike it. I will definitely find a good place to bury it, let it rest in the ground, and enjoy the treatment of ancestors.”

“Upstairs, have you ever thought that pigs may not be willing to be buried? It’s a waste of land resources, it’s not environmentally friendly.”

“What, you are a pork tapeworm? Do you know what pigs think?”

“Don’t argue, let’s get down to business. If pigs can grow human organs, that would be great. Not only will the number of organ transplants increase, but the price will also drop.”

“The problem is that the high price of organ transplantation has nothing to do with the organ. The organ itself is free. What is expensive is the surgery and anti-rejection drugs.”

“I know a thing or two about genome research. If the news is true, then organ transplants in the future will not need to take rejection drugs, because the organs in this pig must be grown from the patient’s own cells, otherwise they will be lost. significance.”

“Then wouldn’t the price be more expensive? After all, no manufacturer will give us organs for free.”

“But if you think about it, if you save the cost of anti-rejection drugs, it will be a huge cost to take it for decades.”

“Will it have any impact on my 3,000 poor people in January? I can’t afford it anyway.”

“Stop, stop, stop, are you focusing on the wrong point? Is the price the pain point of organ transplantation? Is it the donor? The biggest problem is not waiting for a matching organ. If there is a suitable organ, the price is actually Not the biggest problem.”

“Why, have the poor people been expelled upstairs? Can you help me pay for the hundreds of thousands of transplant fees?”

“If you don’t have money, you can use artificial organs first. Although it’s a little troublesome, it’s cheap and can save your life. The technologies of artificial heart and artificial kidney have already started clinical application. There should be no problem in living for another ten or twenty years.”

“I also think that the price of this kind of organ grown from a pig must be sky-high, because it looks very troublesome, and senior R&D personnel are needed to sell it, and it is still a customized organ for a certain patient. The success rate at the beginning will not be very high. .”

“This, in fact, does not require any senior R&D personnel. Biological Dog said that as long as the technology is mature, an undergraduate can do it.”

“Great, the era of mass organ transplantation has arrived. Human beings no longer have to be afraid of diseases. Longevity is no longer a dream.”

“Hehe, it’s just a thing for the rich, the poor should wait to die obediently.”

“Is Mr. Wei’s trumpet upstairs? You’ve already reached a conclusion before the price comes out.”

“You guys are thinking too much. You have just finished the animal experiments. Whether it can be realized in humans, the reporter didn’t say anything, and they were already arguing over whether the price is expensive or not.”

“Maybe it will take ten years to realize it, so it’s a fart.”

Just as domestic netizens were discussing it, this news also spread overseas.

The number of views of the monkey transplanted video on the media exceeded one million in an instant, and it is still soaring rapidly.

Unsurprisingly, overseas netizens were also shocked, but because there are many categories of them, their reactions are also different.

Most of the Western netizens responded in the same way, marveling at Sanqing’s superb biotechnology, and expressing envy and hatred for Huaxia’s patients.

“Fack, I must be dazzled, to see such miraculous news in my lifetime.”

“Huaxia people are simply devils. Of course, I am here to commend them. They actually came up with such a brilliant idea to let pigs grow human organs, so as to completely solve the problem of insufficient organ transplant donors.”

“I am a vegetarian. When I saw this news, I immediately fell into deep thought. If I am facing a life crisis and need organs from pigs to save my life, whether to kill or not is a problem.”

“Hey man, I’m sure you’re going to make a double-standard decision, which is to save your own dog’s life.”

“Isn’t this nonsense? But I will still stick to a vegetarian diet. It can save a pig.”

“My God, such a method is comparable to the hand of God.”

Even Mabuse jumped out excitedly and published a long paragraph of praise.

“I have said long ago that the 21st century is the century of biology, and Sanqing is the greatest commercial company in this century.”

“This time, they have completely conquered disease and death. As long as the human body is clinically successful, I declare that from now on, I will be Mr. Wei’s most loyal believer.”

Of course, there are also some discordant voices mixed with the turbulent sentiment.

Mainly from animal protection organizations, they expressed strong protest against Sanqing’s inhumane medical experiments on macaques, and some radicals even went to the gate of Sanqing’s overseas branch to demonstrate.

In addition to these people, there were also some religious people who were greatly impacted, but they remained strangely silent.

As for the academic circles at home and abroad, while shocked, experts and scholars are silently waiting for the follow-up.

Because they understand that Sanqing’s road to clinical experiments will never stop at animal experiments.

Now that the organ transplant operation in monkeys is so successful, the next step of human clinical trials will not be far away.

Once the human clinical trials are successful, Sanqing will open a new era of organ transplantation.

There are millions of patients waiting for organ transplants around the world every year, which will be a huge market.

This is not one of those patients who just needs to pick up a box of pills from the pharmacy and be cured.

In order for every patient to obtain a tailor-made healthy organ, the time and energy spent in the whole process will not be a small amount.

Xenogeneic organ transplantation will become a very refined field. Even with the strength of the Sanqing family, it will be difficult to monopolize all patients in the world. There will inevitably be an exchange of benefits.

Even if Sanqing leaked some cake crumbs from between his fingers, it would be enough for them to eat and drink.

Thinking about this clearly, some clever biologists are already trying new research ideas based on the key information revealed in the news.

After all, if you can feel the opportunity to cross the river in Sanqing, you must not miss it.

*****

Kunming City, First People’s Hospital, Director’s Office.

“Dean Fang, is there really no other way?”

Huang Qin leaned back on the sofa, with a disappointed and helpless expression on his face.

Dean Fang spread his arms and said with a wry smile, “It’s very difficult for us to find brain-dead patients for human experiments on xenotransplantation.”

“Your xenotransplantation is too advanced. There is no precedent to follow in China. Due to biological safety issues, it cannot be directly used on patients who need organ transplants. We can only conduct human experiments on brain-dead patients first in accordance with international practice.”

“Brain death is a standard proposed by the medical community to determine a person’s death. It is relatively scientific, but the country has not yet adopted it in judicial practice.”

“There is currently no legislation on brain death in our country. In judicial practice, the standard for determining death is the cessation of the heart, pulse, and breathing.”

“So even if there are brain-dead patients in the hospital, even if they sign a body donation agreement, they can only donate their organs, and it is impossible to use them for clinical experiments.”

“As for patients who are truly legally determined to be dead, their organs have failed and their blood has stopped flowing. They certainly do not meet your requirements for clinical trials. They can only be donated to medical schools as general teachers.”

“So this situation is quite embarrassing, and our hospital really has nothing to do.”

He shook his head, and couldn’t help sighing: “I never thought that such a major historic breakthrough would be stuck in the clinical stage of the human body.”

“It can only be blamed that our research in this area was too backward in the past, and the relevant departments have not been forced to make legislation. Now you are taking such a big step, and the regulations can’t keep up with the changes in the actual situation.”

“Actually, I also understand the regulations above.” Huang Qin sighed and said, “After all, primates and pigs cannot be directly equated with humans. Even if there is only a 1% genetic difference, the experimental results cannot be directly equated with human clinical trials. result.”

“No matter how many and good the experimental results on monkeys are, they can only be used for reference and cannot be directly used for reference. If it were me, I would not agree to it rashly.”

“However, if there is no clinical-level safety and effectiveness research directly conducted in humans, how can it prove the real ‘safe and effective’?”

“Isn’t this a paradox? Animal experiments can’t prove the safety and effectiveness of human experiments? But they can’t be directly used in human clinical trials, so where do we go to prove the safety required for human clinical trials?”

“If we can’t go to the clinic, what’s the point of investing more in it?”

Speaking of this, he couldn’t help but feel a little indignant, feeling deeply unwilling that scientific research progress was trapped by backward medical regulations.

“By the way, Ding Mian, why haven’t you spoken? Don’t you usually talk a lot? Why are you dumb now?”

Seeing Ding Mian beside him who was silent and staring at the ceiling in deep thought, Huang Qin lost his temper.

What time is this, do you still have time to distract yourself?

Hurry up and think of a way!

He complained silently in his heart, so he patted Ding Mian’s shoulder vigorously, trying to wake him up from his wandering state.

“Director Ding, did you hear what Dean Fang said? Shall we report the current difficulties to Mr. Wei, and then arrange overseas clinical trials as soon as possible?”

“For example, the Eagle Country, some countries in Europe, they admit the existence of brain death, they can recruit brain dead volunteers, and after the clinical trials are completed and the safety and effectiveness certificates are obtained, formal human clinical trials will be carried out in China?”

“What do you think?”

After Huang Qin finished speaking in one breath, he looked at Dean Fang again: “What do you think?

“Is my idea just now feasible?”

Dean Fang showed admiring eyes: “Yes, this plan is good, and the feasibility is quite high.”

“In the gap between animal experiments and clinics, brain-dead remains must be used as a transition model.”

“In this way, the risk of cross-species disease can be avoided, and the fundamental problem that xenotransplantation cannot enter the clinical research stage can be solved.”

“I support you very much. The Cleveland Clinic in Eagle Country has a close relationship with us. Just tell them. I believe they will be willing to carry out follow-up clinical cooperation with Sanqing on our behalf.”

At this time, a voice suddenly appeared, interrupting the conversation between the two.

“Wouldn’t it be better if we just connected the kidneys to the blood vessels in the legs of brain-dead patients and did extracorporeal dialysis instead of organ transplants?”

“Huh?” Huang Qin turned his head dumbfounded, and saw Ding Mian with a serious face.

Before he had time to react, the other party continued to talk.

“First of all, let’s make it clear that we use human kidneys from pigs, which have a high safety factor and are not at the same level as pig kidneys.”

“Secondly, we just connect the blood vessels, and the kidney is outside the body, so as to maintain controllability to the greatest extent. If any problem occurs, we will immediately cut off the blood vessel connection without serious consequences.”

“In the end, we will not connect for a long time, no more than 48 hours at most, just to verify the functionality and acute immune rejection, so that we can make subsequent improvements.”

“In such a short period of time, it will not cause any harm to the body of the brain-dead patient, and there will be no change in appearance. The family members of the patient should be more accepting.”

“Of course, this is also a transitional plan. After all, overseas clinical arrangements will take several months. Before that, we can obtain some detailed clinical data. What do you think?”

Hearing these words, Dean Fang was stunned for a moment, and when Ding Mian finished speaking, he couldn’t help but slapped his thigh suddenly and let out a round of applause.

“Miao, Xiao Ding, you still have a quick brain. I think this method is feasible and does not violate the regulations. I will try my best to communicate with the family.”

“Hey, even if the patient is brain-dead, as long as the heartbeat and breathing don’t stop, to the family members, he is a living person.”

“To poach their organs is very difficult for any family members to accept, and this is also human nature.”

“However, just connect an organ outside the body to verify the functionality and safety. I don’t think the family members will be very repulsive.”

“Of course, follow-up compensation, such as medical expenses, is definitely inevitable.”

Huang Qin understood in seconds, and quickly said: “This is no problem. To thank the patient for his contribution to medical research, we will pay for the life support and medical expenses of the patient during brain death, and we will definitely not embarrass the family.”

Dean Fang nodded in satisfaction.

“That’s fine, don’t worry, I’ll find you a brain-dead patient as soon as possible.”