Xueba's Black Technology Simulator - Chapter 211

c210 the secret of immortality

Lu Xiao will definitely spare time to study stealth aircraft in the future, but now he still needs to focus on special medicines.

The preparations for the aircraft can be done.

Lu Xiao asked Chen Yang to help him collect data on aircraft at home and abroad, and he would look at these materials later when he was busy.

With the simulator, Lu Xiao only needs to restart the new project simulation.

The problem is that there are no more simulation points. Lu Xiao is looking forward to whether the system will reward simulation points after Dieseros’ disease is completely solved this time.

According to the previous law, after the project is completed to benefit the country and the people, simulation points will be issued. Depending on the size of the completed project, the simulation point rewards are also different.

The miracle drug project, which is the medicine that has saved countless lives around the world.

Presumably there will be no less rewards.

Chen Yang naturally cooperated with Lu Xiao very much, and left to do things after chatting with Lu Xiao.

Lu Xiao also started research on specific medicines.

These days, Diese Ross’s physical condition has been reported in detail, and Lu Xiao can check it at any time.

He came to the laboratory and asked for Deseros’ body report, so he checked it carefully.

According to his previous research, Deseros will have certain sequelae, but there is no outbreak now. Could it be that Deseros has a special constitution, or that he specially improved the genetic evolution medicine, which is only used to treat Desiros’ disease, and the sequelae disappeared?

The special medicine is modified according to the genetic evolution technology. The original genetic evolution acts on the spinal cord.

It is equivalent to fundamentally changing the genes of the spinal cord. All medical students know that the spinal cord is very important to the human body.

Is a hematopoietic organ.

At the same time, when Lu Xiao did not develop the technique of extracting stem cells from ordinary cells, adult stem cells were usually extracted from the spinal cord.

What you need to know is that there are many types of stem cells.

Some are hematopoietic stem cells and some are mesenchymal stem cells, which were initially used to treat graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Later, it was discovered that mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into multiple systems such as liver, brain, epithelium, and myocardium. function.

So the spinal cord was very important in the past.

But after Lu Xiao developed the technique of extracting stem cells from ordinary skin tissue cells, the importance of the spinal cord has decreased a lot.

Obviously, many things that adults need in the beginning can only be produced by the spinal cord. If there is a problem with the spinal cord, there is basically no way to repair it.

The only way is to use embryonic stem cells, that is, primitive stem cells to repair.

There is no way to extract embryonic stem cells from the spinal cord.

Embryonic stem cells are the most primitive cells, the origin of the baby before it develops.

Relying on this cell, everything that can develop into an adult.

Now there is a medical service, that is, after many women give birth, some doctors will ask whether they need to preserve their umbilical cord blood.

Because umbilical cord blood contains embryonic stem cells.

Why do doctors ask if cord blood needs to be preserved?

Moreover, the cost of preservation is not low, often tens of thousands, and some people who are not short of money will spend tens of thousands to preserve the cord blood just in case.

If the child encounters any physical problems when he grows up in the future, such as a problem with the spine.

Then the preserved umbilical cord blood can be used to extract embryonic stem cells, and these stem cells can be used to repair the spinal cord.

The same goes for other organs, of course.

This is just an old calendar. Now Lu Xiao’s technology is to return ordinary cells to embryonic stem cells that return to their original state.

The current medical research is very advanced, and it has been found that not every cell contains all the genes of our human beings, and most of the cells are actually the genes of residual blood.

Even some cells do not contain genes, for example, red blood cells do not contain genes.

In the original medical understanding, it is generally accepted that there is only one type of cell that contains all genes, and that is the original primitive stem cell.

That is embryonic stem cells.

Although there are differences in the size of the cells, there are many similarities in the size of embryonic stem cells and other cells of adults.

So why do embryonic stem cells appear, which can contain all life information and all our genes, while ordinary cells start to be treated differently, some contain more genes, and some contain less.

Scientists in the past thought that this was a normal evolutionary phenomenon, because ordinary cells are derived from the division of embryonic stem cells, which naturally lack a lot of genes. This is why the functions of various cells are different, and finally evolved into our complex human body.

But Lu Xiao discovered that after a certain reduction, some specific cells can restore embryonic stem cells.

That is to say, ordinary cells are the same size as embryonic cells. On the surface, it seems that the stored information is much less. In fact, it is not less, but some genes are closed. These genes are not deleted, but hidden in the cells .

Until Lu Xiao used a special method to activate it, the ordinary cells could finally revert to their ancestors and divide into embryonic stem cells.

The current spinal cord is not as special as before just because Lu Xiao can regenerate embryonic stem cells from ordinary cells.

The original method of Lu Xiao’s genetic evolution still has some relationship with the spinal cord, because the place where the nerves gather is in the spinal cord.

The blood vessels connecting the brain and the body also pass through the spine. The hematopoietic stem cells in the spinal cord are used to maintain some balance in the human body when necessary. For example, if there is a problem with hematopoiesis, some primitive blood cells will be split from the spinal cord. blood is back to normal.

For leukemia or some other blood diseases, there is a high probability that there are some problems with the hematopoietic cells or other cells of the spinal cord.

It can be understood that the spinal cord is a transfer station, connecting the upper and lower limbs of the body, and storing some important things.

When the human gene evolved, it was also necessary to modify the cell genes of the spinal cord.

Let the most fundamental place continuously produce brand-new cells, let these cells circulate throughout the body, and finally let human genes evolve.

Otherwise, how do humans evolve? From a macro perspective, humans are a whole.

They are connected together and cannot be viewed separately.

However, if you change the angle, look at it from the micro level.

You will discover an astonishing fact.

That is, human beings are not actually a whole, but tens of thousands of countless cells combined together.

These cells are not connected as a whole.

Such as white blood cells running around, red blood cells and so on.

Even the seemingly connected skin is actually composed of individual cells, and of course a large part of the cells are connected together.

There are also many ways to connect cells.

Like gap junctions.

Cells are connected together through the docking of protein molecules with holes in the cell membrane—connectors—to form gap junction channels.

Gap junctions can realize metabolic coupling and electrical coupling between cells, so they are widely distributed among animal tissue cells. Metabolic coupling is a small intracellular molecule such as sugar

There are also plasmodesmata.

This is the cell connection method for completing communication (substance transfer) between cells of higher plants.

The plasmodesmata pass through the cell wall, and the cell membrane is tightly attached to the cell wall to form a tubular structure between cells.

And synapses.

Just like neurons.

Aside from various connections, human beings are actually composed of many tiny individuals. These individuals are finally connected together to form organs, and even neurons are connected together to form souls and wisdom.

Want to complete the genetic evolution of a person.

Then all the cells, these individuals, must be evolved to complete.

With such a large-scale change, accidents are inevitable.

Lu Xiao now discovered that perhaps the genetic variation that occurred during genetic evolution was a problem because the scale was too large.

Desairos observed it for another week or two, and it was still fine.

Then maybe, simply modifying the genes of some cells will not cause serious sequelae.

Human evolution can also be carried out through a little modification of different cells.

First transform the white blood cells, and then transform the red blood cells a little bit, maybe there will be no accidents.

Lu Xiao thought about the original technical information, which was a one-time modification plan.

Transform the key cells in the spinal cord, and create a large number of b-viruses carrying the modified gene, which is equivalent to invading countless cells, allowing them to evolve, and finally the new cells that divide are all new cells. s things.

Now, only a part of the white blood cells in Deiseros’s body have evolved.

Finally eliminated the Deiseros b poison.

Lu Xiao was a little excited. If this method is really feasible, then there will be a research direction for genetic evolution in the future.

White blood cells can be modified in a variety of evolutionary directions, specifically targeting various diseases and bacterial b viruses.

Skin cells can be remodeled to make human skin more resilient.

Bone cells can be made stronger.

Ligament cells can be more resilient.

After transforming these individual cells, the strength and defense will all change.

And if you want human vision to be more powerful, you need to specially transform the visual cells.

If you want a stronger digestive system, you can also specifically target the cells of the stomach and intestines.

There is no need to solve all problems at once.

And the issue of longevity, Lu Xiao also found it very troublesome.

Longevity is because the lifespan of countless cells has reached the limit, and there is no way to continue to divide.

It is the DNA-protein complex telomere at the end of the chromosome that determines the lifespan of the cell.

Every time DNA is replicated, a section is shortened, and some gene segments are lost. Telomeres are actually a mechanism to protect the loss.

When the protection mechanism completely disappears, that is, when the telomere dies, there will be problems with cell replication, and human beings will naturally die at that time.

Lu Xiao didn’t intend to study the secret of human longevity.

But when studying genetic evolution, it is inevitable to involve the issue of cell division.

In the end, telomeres are still involved.

Lu Xiao is going to read the most cutting-edge papers to see what other scientists have researched.

He wanted to read the paper, so naturally he didn’t need to go to the computer to read it.

Lu Xiao has already read a lot of information into the simulator and saved it.

Now you only need to retrieve the relevant information, and then go to understand and learn.

Lu Xiao also stored a lot of information in his mind before, but he didn’t actually fully understand it.

The existence of the simulator does not require Lu Xiao to fully understand these contents. The simulator will actively use the stored information when simulating.

Now Lu Xiao wants to take the initiative to check because he has some ideas.

While looking at the information by yourself, if you get inspired.

This can generate new information.

When starting some projects, this information can become nourishment to push the progress bar of the simulation.

Lu Xiao mainly checked the telomere problem.

That is, how to extend the upper limit of cell replication.

If genes want to evolve, they also need to continuously divide into new cells. During this process, Lu Xiao did not find that the number of divisions would increase.

In other words, even after genetic modification and evolution in the future, the lifespan of human beings will not be delayed.

This is where the cell’s most critical telomeres are locked.

After reading some papers, Lu Xiao’s eyes became brighter and brighter. Foreign scientists should not be underestimated.

Because they have discovered that telomeres can be repaired.

Scientists have discovered that there is a special enzyme in the cell—telomerase, which contains protein and a piece of RNA. It is a nuclear protein reverse transcriptase that can extend the 3′-end DNA in the telomere, and then undergo primers and DNA polymerization. Substances such as enzymes repair another single strand, so that telomeres can be repaired and DNA replication without shortening is achieved, which is called complete DNA replication.

It’s just that except for special cells such as germ cells, in human somatic cells, telomerase has almost no activity. Some people may think, if we find a way to activate telomerase activity, can we achieve immortality?

This has to mention cancer cells.

The telomerase of cancer cells is very active, it can proliferate indefinitely, but it will not age and die. This uncontrolled life activity will inevitably cause serious consequences, such as encroaching on the position of normal organs.

Things have come back to square one.

That is, the specificity of cancer cells that addresses the defects of other cells.

No other cell can make telomerase active to repair telomeres.

The telomeres of cancer cells can be repaired and replicated continuously.

However, after inquiring more information, Lu Xiao discovered that cancer cells are not truly immortal.

The truly immortal cells were HeLa cells discovered decades ago.

The difference between HeLa cells and ordinary cancer cells is that HeLa cells grow faster than ordinary cancer cells and can proliferate indefinitely.

HeLa cells are usually tumor cells extracted from cervical cancer patients. They grow faster than ordinary cancer cells, have regenerative capabilities, and there is no limit to division and growth.

The division and growth of ordinary cancer cells have a dormant period, a division period and a quiescent period. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other methods can kill ordinary cancer cells to a certain extent.

If some of the good properties of HeLa cells are put on ordinary cells, immortality does not seem to be difficult.

Of course the most troublesome thing is to only inherit good features.

Lu Xiao thought of the genetic modification technology he had already used.

If the cause of telomerase activation in HeLa cells is found, some of the genes can be transferred to ordinary cells to prolong human life, which seems not a fantasy.